Hydrogen-Doped Combustion Engines: Present and Future

Abstract

The development of clean energy is an important research direction in the face of global climate change and chemical fuel shortages. Hydrogen is receiving increasing attention as a clean energy source due to its properties of reducing carbon emissions and improving the performance of internal combustion engines. This paper provides an overview of the current state of research on hydrogen-doped internal combustion engines and analyzes the combustion characteristics of hydrogen, its impact on engine performance, and the technical challenges associated with carbon and nitrogen emissions. The study uses a literature review approach to summarize data on the hydrogen doping ratio on fuel efficiency and emissions. The results show that doping internal combustion engines with 5% to 30% hydrogen can increase engine efficiency by 25% while reducing harmful emissions such as CO and HC by 40% to 80%. However, NOx emissions NOx emissions increase with increasing hydrogen content. To avoid this, a mix of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and lean-burn technologies is essential. These technologies make hydrogen-doped internal combustion engine technology a great potential for heavy-duty vehicles.