Micronutrient Supplementation as an Alternative Therapy for Managing ADHD Symptoms

Abstract

The neurodevelopmental disorder known as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a long-term condition marked by impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattention, affecting both children and adults. Although amphetamines and methylphenidate are prominent stimulant drugs used to treat similar symptoms, there are concerns about adverse effects, including potential reliance, appetite suppression, and disturbed sleep—have driven interest in alternative or complementary therapies. One emerging area of research focuses on micronutrient supplementation, which involves providing vitamins and minerals at higher doses than those typically consumed in a regular diet. Although the precise causal relationship between these deficiencies and ADHD symptoms remains unclear, it is hypothesized that correcting these imbalances might alleviate some of the condition's cognitive and behavioral challenges. Early findings suggest that micronutrient supplementation could be a valuable adjunct to traditional treatments, potentially offering a more holistic approach to managing ADHD symptoms. However, further research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential and establish clear guidelines for its use in clinical practice. Mendelian randomization studies have found no significant links between most micronutrients and ADHD, with some suggesting a potential connection to copper levels. Furthermore, the possibility of using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to reduce the main symptoms of ADHD has been investigated. Ongoing studies indicate that consistent micronutrient therapy could yield results comparable to those of stimulants, often enhancing mood and reducing anxiety. Future research should prioritize personalized treatment approaches that integrate genetic, environmental, and dietary factors to optimize ADHD management.