Research progress on physicochemical properties of biochar and its effect on soil improvement

Abstract

Soil is the foundation of human existence and development, an important carrier of nutrient circulation, and an important part of the earth ecosystem. China has a vast area of cultivated land, which is one of the largest agricultural countries in the world, but the farmland environment is facing a great threat. Biochar is a kind of material obtained by pyrolysis of raw materials under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, which has good properties and is widely used in soil improvement. In this paper, the modification and preparation methods of biochar were introduced, and the effects of adding biochar on soil infiltration capacity, evaporation capacity, soil nutrients, soil microbial and enzyme activities and the promotion of soil remediation were summarized. It was found that the effect of biochar on soil remediation was mainly related to raw materials, preparation conditions, addition amount and addition methods of biochar. At the same time, the future research direction is prospected, and it is proposed that all kinds of biochars should be reasonably classified, and then the best utilization mode of all kinds of biochars is discussed, which provides theoretical basis and basis for further popularization and utilization of biochars.