Impacts of Ketogenic and Mediterranean Diets on Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing, and its complications, disability, and premature death affect the quality of life of people. Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders that augment an individual's susceptibility to the development of type 2 diabetes. The implementation of measures to combat obesity can effectively mitigate the incidence of type 2 diabetes in a significant number of patients. Lifestyle interventions and medication are often effective in addressing obesity and type 2 diabetes. There is no consensus on the optimal dietary composition for T2DM, while both the ketogenic diet and the Mediterranean diet have demonstrated significant improvements in T2DM. However, existing studies have solely separately analyzed their effects, leaving uncertainty regarding which diet type offers greater advantages. This paper comprehensively analyzes previous studies on ketogenic diet and Mediterranean diet, and proposes suggestions to increase the exploration of ketone body mechanism, long-term clinical trials of ketogenic diet, measurement of the quantitative change of inflammatory factors under Mediterranean diet, and comparative and synergistic experiments, so as to provide reference for the experimental parameters in future research.