The United States' Long-Arm Jurisdiction and China's Countermeasures

Abstract

In the context of the deepening of globalization and the intensification of competition among major powers, the United States' long-arm jurisdiction has evolved from a system tool for resolving domestic interstate judicial disputes to a core means of maintaining global hegemony and containing strategic rivals, posing a severe challenge to the international order. This article focuses on the essential definition of the United States' long-arm jurisdiction and China's response strategies, aiming to fill the research gap on the coordinated countermeasures of the state and enterprises and the response strategies under the framework of international law. The research results show that the essence of the United States' long-arm jurisdiction is the unilateral expansion of extraterritorial jurisdiction and the instrumentalization of law. It generalizes the minimum connection standard, breaks through the principle of real connection in international law, and uses legal, economic, and political hegemony to exert unequal pressure on other countries, especially creating supply chain risks and compliance dilemmas for Chinese high-tech enterprises. In the constructed national and enterprise coordinated response system, the government needs to improve legislation with the "Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law" as the core, establish a cross-departmental regulatory coordination mechanism, and jointly promote the reconstruction of multilateral rules with multiple countries. Enterprises should strengthen compliance management, optimize supply chain layout, and enhance legal defense capabilities. This research provides theoretical support for safeguarding China's sovereignty, security, and the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises, and also offers a reference for promoting the fairness of international jurisdiction rules.